TOEICの長文対策をしたい！特にPart 7！
と思った時に、表があったりして、対策するにもテキストが…
なんて時代が終わるかも！？
気になったニュースのトピックを活用して、
TOEIC Part 7風の長文問題を作ってみました。
雰囲気、高校生の共通テストの対策にもなりそうです。
TOEIC Part 7 – 1 (passage)
Passage:
The challenge of efficiently storing surplus energy generated by renewable sources like solar and wind has led researchers to explore innovative solutions. One promising concept is the use of gravity-based systems for energy storage. These systems involve lifting heavy weights during periods of excess energy and then releasing them to generate electricity when energy demand is high. The principle behind this approach is to convert potential energy into kinetic energy. Such systems can be implemented in various forms, such as pumped hydroelectric storage or advanced concrete block systems. Gravity-based energy storage offers several advantages, including high efficiency, long operational lifespan, and minimal environmental impact. While there are technical challenges to overcome, like site selection and engineering complexities, this approach holds significant potential for providing a reliable and sustainable solution to the energy storage challenge posed by renewable sources.
TOEIC Part 7 – 1 (questions)
- What is the primary challenge addressed by using gravity-based energy storage systems?
a) Developing efficient renewable energy sources
b) Ensuring high energy demand during surplus periods
c) Storing surplus energy generated by renewables
d) Reducing the environmental impact of energy storage - How do gravity-based energy storage systems generate electricity?
a) By using solar and wind power directly
b) By converting kinetic energy into potential energy
c) By lifting heavy weights and releasing them
d) By utilizing advanced concrete block systems - What advantages does gravity-based energy storage offer?
a) Short operational lifespan and high cost
b) Low efficiency and limited environmental impact
c) Minimal site selection challenges
d) High efficiency and long operational lifespan
TOEIC Part 7 – 1 (answers)
- c) Storing surplus energy generated by renewables
Explanation: The passage mentions that the challenge being addressed is the efficient storage of surplus energy generated by renewable sources.
- c) By lifting heavy weights and releasing them
Explanation: The passage explains that gravity-based systems involve lifting heavy weights during surplus energy periods and releasing them to generate electricity.
- d) High efficiency and long operational lifespan
Explanation: The passage lists advantages of gravity-based energy storage systems, including high efficiency and long operational lifespan.
TOEIC Part 7 – 1 (translation)
再生可能エネルギー源である太陽光や風力によって生成された余剰エネルギーを効率的に蓄えるという課題は、研究者たちに革新的な解決策を探求させています。有望なコンセプトの一つは、重力ベースのエネルギー蓄積システムの利用です。これらのシステムは、余剰エネルギーが発生する期間に重い重さを持ち上げ、エネルギー需要が高まる時にそれらを解放して電力を生成するものです。このアプローチの背後にある原理は、ポテンシャルエネルギーを運動エネルギーに変換することです。このようなシステムは、ポンプ水力貯蔵や高度なコンクリートブロックシステムなど、さまざまな形で実現できます。重力ベースのエネルギー蓄積は、高い効率性、長い運用寿命、最小限の環境影響など、いくつかの利点を提供します。技術的な課題が存在するものの、場所の選定や技術的複雑さなどの克服が求められますが、このアプローチは、再生可能エネルギー源によって引き起こされるエネルギー蓄積の課題に対する信頼性のある持続可能な解決策を提供する可能性を秘めています。
TOEIC Part 7 – 2 (passage)
Gravity-Based Energy Storage: A Solution for Renewable Energy Surpluses
As the world transitions to more sustainable energy sources, one of the challenges that arises is effectively storing surplus energy generated by renewable sources such as solar and wind. The concept of using gravity-based systems for energy storage has garnered attention as a potential solution to this issue. These systems involve elevating heavy masses during periods of excess energy and then allowing them to descend to generate electricity during peak demand.
One notable example of gravity-based energy storage is the pumped hydroelectric storage system. This method utilizes two water reservoirs at different elevations. During periods of surplus energy, water is pumped from the lower reservoir to the upper reservoir, effectively storing gravitational potential energy. When energy demand is high, the water is released back to the lower reservoir, passing through turbines to generate electricity. This process efficiently converts potential energy back into kinetic energy.
While gravity-based energy storage systems hold promise, they also face challenges. Identifying suitable locations with varying elevations and sufficient water resources can be complex and costly. Additionally, the efficiency of these systems and their economic viability compared to other energy storage methods require further exploration. Nonetheless, gravity-based energy storage presents a compelling option for enhancing the reliability and stability of renewable energy systems.
TOEIC Part 7 – 2 (questions)
- What challenge arises as the world transitions to sustainable energy sources?
A) Energy scarcity.
B) Energy generation.
C) Energy storage.
D) Energy consumption. - What is the primary idea behind using gravity-based systems for energy storage?
A) Generating electricity from water.
B) Elevating heavy masses.
C) Storing renewable energy.
D) Harnessing wind power. - How does the pumped hydroelectric storage system work?
A) By utilizing solar panels.
B) By converting kinetic energy to potential energy.
C) By storing energy in water reservoirs at different elevations.
D) By releasing water during periods of surplus energy. - What challenge do gravity-based energy storage systems face?
A) Insufficient water resources.
B) Complex and costly implementation.
C) Inefficient energy conversion.
D) Low economic viability. - What does the passage suggest about the future of gravity-based energy storage?
A) It will replace renewable energy sources.
B) It will be adopted without challenges.
C) It will contribute to energy scarcity.
D) It holds potential for enhancing renewable energy systems.
TOEIC Part 7 – 2 (answers)
- 持続可能なエネルギー源への世界の移行に伴う課題は何ですか？
C) エネルギーの蓄積です。 - グラビティベースのシステムをエネルギー貯蔵に使用する主なアイデアは何ですか？
B) 重い物体を持ち上げることです。 - ポンプ式水力貯蔵システムはどのように機能しますか？
C) 異なる高度にある水の貯水池でエネルギーを貯蔵することによってです。 - グラビティベースのエネルギー貯蔵システムはどのような課題に直面していますか？
B) 複雑でコストがかかる実装です。 - パッセージはグラビティベースのエネルギー貯蔵の未来について何を示唆していますか？
D) 再生可能エネルギーシステムの向上に潜在的な可能性を持っています。
TOEIC Part 7 – 2 (translation)
重力ベースのエネルギー貯蔵：再生可能エネルギーの余剰の解決策
世界がより持続可能なエネルギー源に移行する中で、太陽光や風力などの再生可能なエネルギー源によって生成される余剰エネルギーを効果的に蓄積するという課題が生じています。重力ベースのシステムをエネルギー貯蔵に使用する概念は、この問題への潜在的な解決策として注目を集めています。これらのシステムは、余剰エネルギーの期間に重い物体を持ち上げ、ピーク需要時に下降させて電力を生成するというものです。
重力ベースのエネルギー貯蔵の注目すべき例の1つは、ポンプ式水力貯蔵システムです。この方法は、異なる高度にある2つの水の貯水池を利用します。余剰エネルギーの期間には、水が下部の貯水池から上部の貯水池にポンプで送られ、重力ポテンシャルエネルギーを効果的に蓄積します。エネルギー需要が高い時には、水が下部の貯水池に戻され、タービンを通過して電力を生成します。このプロセスは、効率的にポテンシャルエネルギーを運動エネルギーに変換します。
重力ベースのエネルギー貯蔵システムは有望なものの、課題も抱えています。異なる高度を持つ適切な場所を特定し、十分な水資源を確保することは複雑で費用がかかる可能性があります。さらに、これらのシステムの効率と他のエネルギー貯蔵方法との経済的な実現可能性は、さらなる探求を必要とします。それにもかかわらず、重力ベースのエネルギー貯蔵は、再生可能エネルギーシステムの信頼性と安定性を向上させる魅力的な選択肢を示しています。
TOEIC Part 7 – 3 (passage)
Exploring Gravity-Based Energy Storage for Renewable Energy Surplus
As the world shifts towards cleaner and more sustainable energy sources, the challenge of storing surplus energy generated by renewable sources has become a critical issue. Renewable energy, such as solar and wind power, can be highly variable, generating excess energy during peak times that needs to be stored for use when demand is higher than supply. This is where innovative solutions like gravity-based energy storage come into play. The concept involves using the power of gravity to store and release energy when needed. Large-scale projects implementing this concept typically use heavy weights or elevated structures that can be raised when surplus energy is available and lowered to release stored energy during high-demand periods. These systems offer a unique advantage in that they can store energy for extended periods, unlike some other storage solutions that have limitations on their cycle life. Additionally, gravity-based systems are environmentally friendly and can be integrated into different terrains, making them versatile and adaptable to various locations.
One prominent example of gravity-based energy storage is pumped hydroelectric storage. In this system, surplus energy is used to pump water from a lower reservoir to a higher one. When electricity demand spikes, the water is released back to the lower reservoir through turbines, generating electricity. This method has been used for decades and is known for its efficiency and reliability. However, the implementation of such systems can be limited by geographical and environmental factors, as they require specific landscapes with suitable elevation differences. Another emerging concept is the use of underground shafts or caverns to store heavy masses that can be lifted and lowered, utilizing the principles of potential and kinetic energy. While gravity-based energy storage holds promise, it’s not without challenges. The costs associated with building large-scale infrastructure, technological limitations, and the need for suitable geographic conditions are factors that must be carefully considered.
TOEIC Part 7 – 3 (questions)
- Why has storing surplus energy generated by renewable sources become a critical issue?
a) Surplus energy has no practical use.
b) Renewable sources are unreliable.
c) Demand for energy is decreasing.
d) Renewable sources generate excess energy during peak times. - What advantage do gravity-based energy storage systems offer over other solutions?
a) They have a limited cycle life.
b) They require specific landscapes.
c) They can store energy for extended periods.
d) They are not environmentally friendly. - What is pumped hydroelectric storage and how does it work?
a) It stores energy in underground shafts.
b) It uses potential and kinetic energy principles.
c) It pumps water from a higher reservoir to a lower one.
d) It releases energy through turbines during high-demand periods. - What challenges are associated with the implementation of gravity-based energy storage?
a) Limited options for suitable geographic conditions.
b) Overcoming technological limitations is not necessary.
c) The low cost of building large-scale infrastructure.
d) The absence of environmental concerns. - How does the concept of potential and kinetic energy relate to gravity-based energy storage?
a) It has no relation to this concept.
b) It’s used to store energy in underground caverns.
c) It’s utilized in pumped hydroelectric storage.
d) It’s not important for understanding energy storage systems.
TOEIC Part 7 – 3 (answers)
- Storing surplus energy generated by renewable sources has become a critical issue because:
Correct answer: d) Renewable sources generate excess energy during peak times.
Explanation: Renewable energy sources like solar and wind can generate more energy than needed during certain times, and this surplus energy needs to be stored for later use when demand is higher than supply. - An advantage of gravity-based energy storage systems is that they:
Correct answer: c) They can store energy for extended periods.
Explanation: Unlike some other storage solutions with limitations on cycle life, gravity-based systems have the capability to store energy for longer durations. - Pumped hydroelectric storage involves:
Correct answer: c) It pumps water from a higher reservoir to a lower one.
Explanation: In pumped hydroelectric storage, surplus energy is used to pump water to a higher reservoir. The stored energy is then released by allowing the water to flow back to the lower reservoir through turbines. - Challenges associated with the implementation of gravity-based energy storage include:
Correct answer: a) Limited options for suitable geographic conditions.
Explanation: Gravity-based systems often require specific terrains and elevation differences, limiting their implementation to certain geographic areas. - The concept of potential and kinetic energy is related to gravity-based energy storage:
Correct answer: c) It’s utilized in pumped hydroelectric storage.
Explanation: In pumped hydroelectric storage, potential energy is stored when water is pumped to a higher reservoir, and kinetic energy is generated when the water flows back down, turning turbines to produce electricity.
Japanese Translation:
- 再生可能エネルギー源が余剰エネルギーを生成する理由で重要な課題となっているのはなぜですか？
正解: d) 再生可能エネルギー源はピーク時に余剰エネルギーを生成するからです。
説明: 太陽光や風力などの再生可能エネルギー源は特定の時期に必要以上のエネルギーを生成するため、この余剰エネルギーを貯蔵して需要が供給を上回る場合に使用する必要があります。 - 重力ベースのエネルギー貯蔵システムの利点は次のうちどれですか？
正解: c) エネルギーを長期間にわたって貯蔵できることです。
説明: 他の一部の貯蔵解決策に比べて、重力ベースのシステムはエネルギーをより長い期間にわたって貯蔵する能力を持っています。 - ポンプ式水力貯蔵には次のような特徴が含まれます：
正解: c) 高い貯蔵施設から低い貯蔵施設へ水を送り出すことです。
説明: ポンプ式水力貯蔵では、余剰エネルギーを使用して水を高い貯蔵施設に送り上げます。その後、水を低い貯蔵施設に戻すことで蓄えたエネルギーが解放され、水がタービンを回転させて電気を生成します。 - 重力ベースのエネルギー貯蔵の実装に関連する課題は次のうちどれですか？
正解: a) 適切な地理的条件の限られた選択肢があることです。
説明: 重力ベースのシステムはしばしば特定の地形と高低差を必要とするため、その実装は特定の地理的な場所に限られることがあります。 - ポテンシャルエネルギーと運動エネルギーの概念は重力ベースのエネルギー貯蔵に関連しています：
正解: c) ポンプ式水力貯蔵で使用されています。
説明: ポンプ式水力貯蔵では、水を高い貯蔵施設に送り上げる際にポテンシャルエネルギーが蓄えられ、水が戻る際に運動エネルギーが生成され、タービンを回転させて電気を生み出します。
TOEIC Part 7 – 3 (translation)
再生可能エネルギー余剰のための重力ベースのエネルギー貯蔵の探求
世界がよりクリーンで持続可能なエネルギー源へ移行する中で、再生可能エネルギー源によって生成された余剰エネルギーを貯蔵する課題は重要な問題となっています。太陽光や風力などの再生可能エネルギーは非常に変動が大きく、ピーク時に余剰エネルギーが生成され、需要が供給を上回る際に利用するために貯蔵する必要があります。ここで、重力ベースのエネルギー貯蔵のような革新的な解決策が登場します。この概念は、必要なときにエネルギーを貯蔵および放出するために重力の力を利用するものです。この概念を実装する大規模なプロジェクトは通常、余剰エネルギーが利用可能な際に上げ、需要が高い時に貯蔵エネルギーを放出するために上げ下げできる重い重さや高い構造物を使用します。これらのシステムは、周期寿命に制限がある他の貯蔵解決策とは異なり、長期間にわたってエネルギーを貯蔵することができるユニークな利点を提供します。さらに、重力ベースのシステムは環境に優しく、さまざまな地形に統合することができ、多様で適応性のある特徴を持っています。
重力ベースのエネルギー貯蔵の顕著な例として、ポンプ式水力貯蔵があります。このシステムでは、余剰エネルギーを使用して水を低い貯蔵施設から高い貯蔵施設に送り上げます。電力需要が急増する際、水はタービンを通じて低い貯蔵施設に戻され、電気を生成します。この方法は数十年にわたって使用され、その効率と信頼性で知られています。ただし、このようなシステムの実装は地理的および環境的要因に制約がある可能性があり、適切な高低差を持つ特定の地形が必要です。もう一つの新興の概念は、運動エネルギーとポテンシャルエネルギーの原理を利用して上げ下げできる重い物質を貯蔵するための地下のシャフトや洞窟を使用することです。重力ベースのエネルギー貯蔵には可能性がありますが、課題もあります。大規模なインフラの建設に関連するコスト、技術的な制約、適切な地理的条件の必要性などが慎重に考慮されるべき要因です。
TOEIC Part 7 – 4 (passage)
Passage: Gravity-Based Energy Storage: Tapping into Potential
Paragraph 1: The Growing Need for Energy Storage Solutions
As the global transition to renewable energy sources accelerates, a new challenge arises: the effective storage of surplus energy. Renewable sources like solar and wind power are highly dependent on weather conditions, leading to fluctuations in energy generation. To address this issue, researchers are exploring innovative methods of energy storage. One promising concept gaining attention is the use of gravity-based systems.
Gravity-based energy storage systems harness the power of gravity to store and release energy. These systems work by lifting heavy objects to higher elevations when excess energy is available, and then releasing them to generate electricity when needed. The appeal of this approach lies in its simplicity and efficiency. Unlike some traditional energy storage solutions, such as batteries, gravity-based systems do not rely on chemical reactions and have longer lifespans. Moreover, they have the potential to store energy for extended periods, making them well-suited for leveling out fluctuations in renewable energy generation.
Paragraph 2: Unveiling the Potential and Challenges
Gravity-based energy storage offers several advantages, including scalability and a small environmental footprint. Large-scale installations can provide substantial energy storage capacity, helping to stabilize the grid and enhance energy reliability. Furthermore, the system’s components can be built with durable materials, contributing to a longer operational life. However, challenges remain. The need for suitable geographic locations, where elevation differences are present, can limit the widespread implementation of such systems. Additionally, while the concept is theoretically sound, real-world engineering and operational complexities require further exploration.
New Perspective: Beyond Electricity Storage
While gravity-based energy storage holds promise for electricity storage, its potential reaches beyond the energy sector. The technology’s adaptability can extend to applications like industrial processes and transportation. For instance, excess energy could be used to power machinery in manufacturing plants during peak hours or to elevate trains in transit, harnessing the stored gravitational potential for efficient deceleration. This broader perspective underscores the multifaceted impact of innovative energy storage solutions in shaping a sustainable future.
Excel Chart: Gravity-Based Energy Storage Advantages and Challenges
| Aspect | Advantages | Challenges |
|---|---|---|
| Scalability | Provides substantial energy storage capacity | Requires suitable geographic locations |
| Environmental footprint | Has a small environmental impact | Engineering and operational complexities |
| Operational life | Components can have longer operational life | Limited widespread implementation |
| Energy duration | Potential to store energy for extended periods | Real-world complexities require exploration |
| Grid stabilization | Can help stabilize the grid and enhance reliability | Geographic limitations may hinder implementation |
TOEIC Part 7 – 4 (questions)
- What challenge arises with the increasing adoption of renewable energy sources?
a) Efficient energy generation
b) Energy distribution
c) Weather-dependent energy storage
d) Grid stability - How do gravity-based energy storage systems function?
a) They rely on chemical reactions
b) They convert gravitational energy to chemical energy
c) They lift heavy objects to higher elevations
d) They generate electricity directly from wind power - What is a significant advantage of gravity-based energy storage systems?
a) They have short lifespans
b) They require large-scale installations
c) They rely on weather conditions
d) They can store energy for extended periods - According to the passage, what is a challenge of implementing gravity-based energy storage systems?
a) Limited operational lifespan
b) Unsuitability for industrial processes
c) Lack of scalability
d) Need for suitable geographic locations - What new perspective does the passage provide on gravity-based energy storage?
a) Its potential for efficient energy generation
b) Its adaptability to various applications
c) Its reliance on chemical reactions
d) Its limited impact on the energy sector - Based on the chart, what advantage of gravity-based energy storage contributes to a longer operational life?
a) Scalability
b) Environmental footprint
c) Energy duration
d) Grid stabilization
TOEIC Part 7 – 4 (answers)
- What challenge arises with the increasing adoption of renewable energy sources?
a) Efficient energy generation
b) Energy distribution
c) Weather-dependent energy storage
d) Grid stability
Answer: d) Grid stability
Explanation: The passage mentions that renewable sources like solar and wind power are highly dependent on weather conditions, leading to fluctuations in energy generation. This challenge affects grid stability.
- How do gravity-based energy storage systems function?
a) They rely on chemical reactions
b) They convert gravitational energy to chemical energy
c) They lift heavy objects to higher elevations
d) They generate electricity directly from wind power
Answer: c) They lift heavy objects to higher elevations
Explanation: The passage explains that gravity-based energy storage systems work by lifting heavy objects to higher elevations when excess energy is available and releasing them to generate electricity when needed.
- What is a significant advantage of gravity-based energy storage systems?
a) They have short lifespans
b) They require large-scale installations
c) They rely on weather conditions
d) They can store energy for extended periods
Answer: d) They can store energy for extended periods
Explanation: The passage mentions that gravity-based systems have the potential to store energy for extended periods, making them well-suited for leveling out fluctuations in renewable energy generation.
- According to the passage, what is a challenge of implementing gravity-based energy storage systems?
a) Limited operational lifespan
b) Unsuitability for industrial processes
c) Lack of scalability
d) Need for suitable geographic locations
Answer: d) Need for suitable geographic locations
Explanation: The passage indicates that the need for suitable geographic locations, where elevation differences are present, can limit the widespread implementation of gravity-based energy storage systems.
- What new perspective does the passage provide on gravity-based energy storage?
a) Its potential for efficient energy generation
b) Its adaptability to various applications
c) Its reliance on chemical reactions
d) Its limited impact on the energy sector
Answer: b) Its adaptability to various applications
Explanation: The new perspective provided in the passage is that gravity-based energy storage has potential applications beyond electricity storage, extending to areas like industrial processes and transportation.
- Based on the chart, what advantage of gravity-based energy storage contributes to a longer operational life?
a) Scalability
b) Environmental footprint
c) Energy duration
d) Grid stabilization
Answer: c) Energy duration
Explanation: The chart indicates that one of the advantages of gravity-based energy storage is its potential to store energy for extended periods, contributing to longer operational life.
TOEIC Part 7 – 4 (translation)
Passage: 重力ベースのエネルギー貯蔵：潜在能力を活用
段落1：エネルギー貯蔵ソリューションの成長する必要性
再生可能エネルギー源への世界的な移行が加速する中で、新たな課題が浮かび上がっています：余剰エネルギーの効果的な貯蔵です。太陽光や風力などの再生可能な源は、気象条件に大きく依存しており、エネルギー発生に変動をもたらします。この問題に対処するため、研究者たちは革新的なエネルギー貯蔵方法を探求しています。注目を集めている有望なコンセプトの1つは、重力ベースのシステムの利用です。
重力ベースのエネルギー貯蔵システムは、重力の力を利用してエネルギーを貯蔵し、放出します。これらのシステムは、余剰エネルギーがあるときに重い物体を高い位置に持ち上げ、必要な時に放出して電気を生成する仕組みです。このアプローチの魅力は、そのシンプルさと効率にあります。一部の伝統的なエネルギー貯蔵ソリューション（バッテリーなど）と異なり、重力ベースのシステムは化学反応に依存せず、寿命が長いです。さらに、エネルギーを長期間貯蔵する可能性があり、再生可能エネルギーの発電の変動を調整するのに適しています。
段落2：潜在能力と課題の明らかになる
重力ベースのエネルギー貯蔵は、スケーラビリティと環境への影響の小ささを含む数々の利点を提供しています。大規模な設置によって蓄積されたエネルギー容量は大きく、電力グリッドの安定化とエネルギーの信頼性向上に貢献します。さらに、システムのコンポーネントは耐久性のある材料で構築することができ、長い運用寿命を持つことにつながります。ただし、課題も存在します。適切な地理的な位置、高低差が存在する場所の必要性が、このようなシステムの普及を制限する可能性があります。また、このコンセプトは理論的には正しいものの、実世界のエンジニアリングと運用の複雑さはさらなる探求を必要としています。
新たな視点：電気貯蔵を超えて
重力ベースのエネルギー貯蔵は、電気貯蔵に対する約束を持ちながらも、その潜在能力はエネルギーセクターを超えています。この技術の適応性は、産業プロセスや交通などの応用に広がる可能性があります。例えば、余剰エネルギーを使用して製造工場の機械をピーク時に動かすために活用したり、移動中の列車を持ち上げて、効率的な減速のために蓄積された重力ポテンシャルを利用することができます。この広い視点は、革新的なエネルギー貯蔵ソリューションの多角的な影響を通じて、持続可能な未来を形作る過程を強調しています。
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英会話を始めてみたいけれど、どのサービスが良いか分からない…
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